A comparison of two types of rough sets induced by coverings

Rough set theory is an important technique in knowledge discovery in databases. In covering-based rough sets, many types of rough set models were established in recent years. In this paper, we compare the covering-based rough sets defined by Zhu with ones defined by Xu and Zhang. We further explore the properties and structures of these types of rough set models. We also consider the reduction of coverings. Finally, the axiomatic systems for the lower and upper approximations defined by Xu and Zhang are constructed

Exploring Food Accessibility and Social Vulnerability in Atlanta, Georgia

The current study offers an in-depth spatial analysis of food accessibility and social vulnerability in the City of Atlanta, GA. We used the Two-Step Floating Catchment (2SFCA) methodology to develop a food accessibility index (FAI) and combined that with CDC’s social vulnerability index (SVI) to study the most vulnerable population with low food access. Using the 2020 Census data, we identified six main Census tracts where the socially vulnerable residents were affected the most because they had the least access to food within a 15-minute walk or 15-minute drive time in three distinctive regions in Atlanta. Our findings can be used by city officials to provide incentives for improving food access and by organizations looking for suitable regions to place new food-serving sites

Regenerative Patterning in Swarm Robots: Mutual Benefits of Research in Robotics and Stem Cell Biology

This paper presents a novel perspective of Robotic Stem Cells (RSCs), defined as the basic non-biological elements with stem cell like properties that can self-reorganize to repair damage to their swarming organization. Self here means that the elements can autonomously decide and execute their actions without requiring any preset triggers, commands, or help from external sources. We develop this concept for two purposes. One is to develop a new theory for self-organization and self-assembly of multi-robots systems that can detect and recover from unforeseen errors or attacks. This self-healing and self-regeneration is used to minimize the compromise of overall function for the robot team. The other is to decipher the basic algorithms of regenerative behaviors in multi-cellular animal models, so that we can understand the fundamental principles used in the regeneration of biological systems. RSCs are envisioned to be basic building elements for future systems that are capable of self-organization, self-assembly, self-healing and self-regeneration. We first discuss the essential features of biological stem cells for such a purpose, and then propose the functional requirements of robotic stem cells with properties equivalent to gene controller, program selector and executor. We show that RSCs are a novel robotic model for scalable self-organization and self-healing in computer simulations and physical implementation. As our understanding of stem cells advances, we expect that future robots will be more versatile, resilient and complex, and such new robotic systems may also demand and inspire new knowledge from stem cell biology and related fields, such as artificial intelligence and tissue engineering

Occult thoraco-abdominal injuries from an airbag and seatbelt

AbstractA combination of a seatbelt and airbags decreases the risk of injury for most body regions in motor vehicle crashes. Although the severity of injuries decreases, injuries still occur. We report a case of occult thoraco-abdominal trauma in a patient who was wearing a three-point seatbelt and had airbag protection. A 59-year-old man presented to the emergency department in shock after a motor vehicle accident. He was protected by a three-point seatbelt and airbag. Chest radiographs and focused assessment with sonography for trauma showed no abnormalities. However, computed tomography revealed multiple injuries in the chest and abdomen. This case report highlights occult thoraco-abdominal trauma in a victim protected by a seatbelt and airbag, which may be a pitfall for emergency physicians. Emergency physicians should understand the limitations of chest radiographs in trauma evaluation and carry out a complete evaluation of patients

Bridging the gap between library services in academic libraries worldwide: A visiting librarian model

The colleges and universities in the U.S. have experienced a surge in international students and studying abroad programs. As the higher education community expands globally, the needs for bridging the gaps in academic libraries worldwide and creating more comparable library services grow exponentially. One large university library in the U.S. attempts to meet these needs through a visiting librarian program, where a librarian from a large top-rated Chinese academic library is hosted for a year. This program represents a model different from the traditional visiting librarian programs that tend to be project focused. In this model, broad based learning and training in critical service areas, such as digital and metadata services, acquisition & collections, and research & information services, are provided to both the hosting and the visiting librarians. The goals are to promote dialogues and understandings between the academic systems in the two countries, and ultimately to enhance the international users\u27 library experience in their quests of studying in foreign institutes. Assessments at both universities are planned to follow up the program. This poster session describes the unique program setup and development, and discusses experience and lessons learned in detail. With flow charts and visual tools, the presenters hope to share a model that enables academic libraries to bridge the gaps in library and information services and to better serve a global learning community

Protection effect of sanguinarine on whole-body exposure of X radiation in BALB/c mice

To investigate the effects of sanguinarine (SAN) on acute radiation induced injury in mice, 45 mice were randomly divided into control, 10 Gy and SAN+10 Gy groups. Mice in the 10 Gy and SAN+10 Gy groups were exposed to single X-ray radiation with an accumulated dose of 10 Gy. Mice in the SAN+10 Gy group were administered intraperitoneally with 2.5 mg/kg body weight of SAN before radiation. Five days after radiation exposure, 5 mice from each group were sacrificed and samples of the small intestine, lung, spleen and liver were fixed for histopathological examinations. Compared with the 10 Gy group, radiation sickness was obviously delayed or attenuated in the SAN+10 Gy group. Survival analysis showed a significant difference between 2 radiation groups (PPara investigar os efeitos da sanguinarina (SAN) em lesões induzidas em ratos por radiação aguda, 45 ratos foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupo controle, grupo 10 Gy e grupo SAN+10 Gy. Os ratos dos grupos 10 Gy e SAN+10 Gy foram expostos à radiação de raio-X simples com uma dose acumulada de 10 Gy. Aos ratos do grupo SAN+10 Gy administraram-se, intraperitonealmente, 2.5 mg/kg de peso de SAN antes da radiação. Aos 5 dias de exposição à radiação, sacrificaram-se 5 ratos de cada grupo e retiraram-se amostras do intestino delgado, pulmões, baço e fígado para exames histopatológicos. Comparando com o grupo 10 Gy, a doença por radiação foi claramente atrasada e atenuada no grupo SAN+10 Gy. A análise de sobrevivência mostrou diferença significativa entre os dois grupos de radiação (

3a,11b-Dihydr­oxy-2-oxo-2,3,3a,11b-tetra­hydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-7-ium chloride

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C13H11N4O3 +·Cl−, the dihedral angle between the two pyridine rings is 9.72 (9) Å. Ions are linked via N—H⋯Cl, O—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional framework

2-(1H-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-1-(4-bromo­benzo­yl)ethyl 4-methyl­benzoate

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C23H18BrN3O3, the benzotriazole mean plane makes dihedral angles of 1.26 (1) and 87.39 (1)° with the tolyl and bromophenyl benzene rings, respectively, and the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 87.27 (1)°. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into chains along the a axis by C—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds. The structure is further stabilized by C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions, with a distance of 3.700 (1) Å between the centroids of the bromophenyl and benzotriazole benzene rings related by symmetry code (x, −1 + y, z)